Lockstitch and pattern to prevent thread runs



C. C. BISCH March 10, 1942.

LOCKSTITCH AND PATTERN TO PREVENT THREAD RUNS Filed Nov. 24, 1959Beamnnls Pxrwarm I mentor (Ittorneg Patented Mar. 10, 1942 LOCKSTITCHAND PATTERN TOPREVENT THREAD RUNS Correll Cofiman Bisch, Springfield,111., assignmof fifty per cent to Morris field, Ill.

R. Myers, Spring- Aipplication November 24, 1939, Serial No. 305,785 3Claims. (Cl. 66-172) My invention relates to knitting operations formaking fabrics of different kinds and especially to the formation ofstitches in such fabrics wherein the construction of the stitch is suchthat it will be impossible for runs to occur in the fabric through suchstitches.

An object of my invention is to provide a lockstitch and a stitchpattern in knitted fabrics, with the pattern arranged in such a way thata line or a band of the fabric pattern may be formed by an interknittedand interconnected arrangement of stitches such that the resultingpattern will make it impossible for runs to occur in the fabric.

A particular object of my invention is to provide a lock-stitch andpattern for the fabric of which stockings are made, and to provide'inthe formation of the stocking the desired number of annular bands eachdefined by an interknitted and interconnected series of such speciallyarranged stitches in a manner that will prevent thread runs through theband formed by my novel pattern from either direction.

I not only desire to provide such a lockstitch and pattern in itseffective operation in a fabric band but I desire to provide a novel andpractical method of knitting the same by hand, which will accomplish theoperation.

I have chosen to protect both the lockstitch and pattern and the methodof knitting the same, in this patent application, for the reason that mynovel lockstitch is so intimately associated with the method of formingthe same that it seems impractical to attempt to distinguish one fromthe other.

I attain the objects of my invention by the lockstitch and pattern andprocess of knitting the same, as described in this specification,recited in the claims and illustrated in the drawing whichcomprehensively show the novelty of my invention.

Referring to the drawing:

Fig. 1 is a perspective illustrating the first knitting movementrequired in the respective steps in the formation of my lockstitch.

Fig. 2 illustrates the second knitting operation required in producingmy lockstitch when forming the same by hand utilizing knitting needles.

Fig. 3 illustrates the third knitting operation in forming by hand oneof my novel lockstitches.

Fig. 4 illustrates the fourth knitting movement required to form one ofmy lockstitches.

Fig. 5 illustrates the fifth and final knitting operation needed informing one of my lockstitches where the same is knitted by hand.

Fig. 6 is a diagrammatic illustration showing the order in which therespective rows of stitches are connected and showing also how therespective adjacent rows are alternated in their tie-up together.

Fig. '7 is a perspective illustrating a pair of stockings showingapproximately the desired position of my lockstitch when formed inspaced bands above the knee of the stocking.

I have chosen to illustrate my invention in the drawing in a mannershowing how the lockstitches and pattern thereof would be formed by ahand knitting operation.

In a study of the form and novel arrangement of my lockstitch andpattern it will be noted that when this stitch is used, as is intendedas an integral part of a fabric pattern from which stockings are made,as well as other fabric articles; this novel lockstitch and patternutilized in such fabrics will very definitely prevent thread runs.

In a lockstich and pattern which may be practical as. a part of anarticle of wearing apparel, there must be a construction thereof whichwill prevent runs in the fabric of which it is to be an integral part,and numerous attempts have been made to provide lockstitches for thispurpose, some of which attempts, to some extent, have been more or lesssuccessful. 1

- I am therefore aware of the existence of some types of lockstitchesnow available on the mar ket and I am familiar with the details ofconstruction of some of them.

However, itis my purpose in this invention, to provide a novellockstitch and pattern which will positively prevent thread runs,especially which areso common to stockings, when my lockstitch andpattern are applied in the making of the fabric,- from which stockingsare made.

I have shown in Fig. 7 approximately the location in which my lockstitchand pattern may preferably be used in the making of stockings, althoughit is obvious that bands may be formed of a pattern woven into thestocking in any desired position from one end of the stocking to theother.

I shall now describe in comprehensive detail the novel and salientfeatures of my lockstitch and pattern as I refer to the drawing and thesuccessive steps required in producing it. 4

Referring now to the several steps in a hand knitting operation whichwill produce my lockstitch and pattern it will be observed that I we ferto utilize a pair of knitting needles I and 2 and I prefer to use forthis disclosure a. pair of adjacently spaced stitching loops 3 and 4supported on knitting needle I while in th production of my lockstitch,I use in the operation a thread strand 5.

Thus, in my first knitting operation producing my lockstitch andpattern, I insert the point of knitting needle 2 through loop 3 from thebottom side making this point reach around strand 5, pulling this strandthrough loop 3 in a manner forming a loop 6 in strand 5 after'it ispulled through stitch loop 3. Just at this point, in the formation of mylockstitch, I give loop 6 of-strand 5 a twist as is shown in Fig. 3. r

I then extend the point of needle 2 through loop 3 from its top side inorder to reach around needle I with this point of needle 2 and pull asecond loop of strand 5 through loop 3 from the opposite direction. Fig,4, for instance, shows needle 2 hooked in back of the second loop 'I ofstrand 5 just ready to pull loop I through loop 3.

After the second loop 'I of strand 5 is pulled through loop 3, from thetop of loop 3 which is the opposite direction from which loop Ii waspulled through it, then loop 3 of strand 5 is cast off of needle I,completing my novel lockstitch as is shown in Fig. 5.

In a careful analysis of the formation of my lockstitch, it will readilybecome obvious that the same will very effectively prevent thread runsin the fabric from which stockings and the like are made when thisstitch is set up in a pattern of my novel formation.

I have found in my experience that in the formation of a lockstitch bandabout stockings (Fig. 7) that my lockstitch and pattern will mosteffectively prevent thread runs through such bands when my lockstitcheshave been knitted across the fabric from which the stocking is made, infour successive rows,.so that th knitting operation may run from one endof the band to the other in one direction in a manner which willeffectively tie together the individual stitches in each row andalternating the order of connected stitches in each successive rowproviding a very effective barrier against running of a thread throughsuch a band, on account of the-alternated lockstitch tie betweenstitches of the successive rows.

In order to properly explain the merits of my invention, in terms thatare comprehensive to experienced operators in the knitting art, it willbe well to state here what is meant by certain terms which will be usedin this description.

For instance, the expression increase means to knit one stitch in theregular way, but without slipping the stitch off the left needle, thenknit another stitch through the back of the same stitch and slip thestitch off of the left needle. The expression decrease means knit twostitches together or purl two stitches together.

To decrease at the edges knit the second and third stitches together.This makes an even edge.

I shall refer to the pattern in this description, which constitutes thenovel arrangement of stitches in my invention and this pattern iscomposed of a series of four rows of stitches arranged to define a veryeffective barrier against thread runs through any lockstitch band thatis knitted according to my pattern.

I shall nowrefer to the stitches that are essential in the formation ofmy novel pattern utilizing my novel'lockstitch therein in conjunclarlyknitted stitches 8 and I prefer to use four rows of stitches arranged inthe following novel 'manner in each pattern to achieve my purposes:

This row 8 of regular stitches thus serves as a hemline for my novellockstitch pattern.

I then prefer to start my pattern by knitting from right to left on thefirst row 9 thereof.

My first stitch III is made alone in regular manner, and I follow thisstitch in the first row, knitting two stitches II together across therow and ending this row 9 with one stitch I2 made alone. 1

The second row I3 of stitches in this pattern is started, in handknitting, by turning the work and knitting toward the opposite directionfrom the first row and it is started by knitting one stitch I4 alone andthen knitting by an increase of one lockstitch I5 in each successivestitch across the row, ending with a single stitch I6.

'The third row I! is then started, after again turning the work to knitin the opposite direction from the second row I3 by knitting twostitches I8 together'across the entire row.

The work is then again turned to knit the fourth row I9 in the samedirection as the second row I3. This fourth row I9 is knitted with allstitches alike wherein there is knitted an increase lockstitch I5 ineach successive stitch 20 in the entire row.

Thus, in a four row pattern unit, I am able to secure anovel, practicaland comprehensive fabri'c band that is positively run-proof againstthread runs in knitted fabrics and the like wherever it may be used andespecially where it is used as a run-proof pattern in a stocking band 2|asshown in Fig. '7.

I have thus explained in comprehensive detail the novel and salientmerits of my lockstitch and run-proof pattern and what I claim is:

1. A lockstitch pattern for knitted fabrics, to prevent runs andcomprising as a pattern unit, four parallel rows of stitches andcomprising in the first row, a single stitch followed by a plurality ofgroups of two stitches knitted together across the row and ending with asingle stitch, a second row above the first knitted in the oppositedirection thereto and comprising one single stitch followed by alockstitch increase in each successive stitch across the row and endingwith a single stitch, a third row next above the second and knitted inthe same direction as the first row and comprising successive groups oftwo stitches together across the entire row, a fourth row next above thethird and knitted in the same direction as the second row and comprisinga lockstitch increase ineach succeeding stitch across the row, thusdefining a lockstitch pattern in a fabric band which will prevent threadruns through such a pattern of a ing the pattern with one stitch alone;a second row next above the first, knitted in the opposite direction,and consisting of a single stitch, followed by an increase of onelockstitch in each stitch across the row and ending in a single stitch,a third row next above the second and knitted in the opposite directionand including two stitches knitted together across the entire row, afourth row next above the third and knitted in the opposite directionand consisting of an increase of one lockstitch in each stitch acrossthe entire row, thus completing a lockstitch pattern in a fabric bandwhich efie'ctively provides a positive barrier against thread runs insuch fabric.

3. A lockstitch pattern in a knitted fabric stocking band, comprising asa pattern unit, one row consisting of one stitch alone followed by twostitches knitted together in consecutive order Q and ending the patternunit with one stitch alone, a second row next above the first knitted inthe opposite direction thereto and consisting of a single stitch,followed by an increase of one lookstitch in each stitch across the rowand ending in a single stitch, a third row next above the second andknitted in the opposite direction

